A new preclinical study suggests that micro-dose THC HIV treatment could help reduce long-term side effects associated with antiretroviral therapy without causing intoxication. Researchers found that very low doses of THC lowered inflammation, improved gut health, and supported serotonin production while maintaining effective viral suppression in HIV-like animal models.
Researchers at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute found that micro-doses of THC lowered inflammation, improved gut health, boosted serotonin levels, and reduced harmful cholesterol-related metabolites in animal models receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). The findings were published in Science Advances.
The study was conducted on rhesus macaques infected with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), the animal equivalent of HIV. All animals received ART for five months, but one group was also given daily low-dose THC. While viral levels were suppressed in both groups, animals receiving THC showed notably lower levels of ART drugs in their bloodstream, a result researchers say could help reduce liver strain caused by long-term HIV medication use.
Scientists also observed higher serotonin levels in the THC-treated group, along with healthier gut bacteria and improved communication along the gut-brain axis. These changes may have implications for mood, cognition, digestion, and chronic inflammation commonly experienced by people living long-term with HIV.
In addition, THC HIV-treated animals showed reduced levels of toxic secondary bile acids and plaque-forming fatty acids, markers associated with liver and cardiovascular disease. According to the research team, no negative effects were detected at the low doses used.
Researchers caution that the study was conducted in nonhuman primates and that human trials are needed to confirm the findings. They also stress that commercially available cannabis products may not deliver the same effects due to differences in dosage and formulation.
The team is now exploring the effects of combining THC with cannabidiol (CBD) and other cannabinoids alongside ART. Experts advise individuals to consult healthcare professionals before considering any cannabinoid-based treatments.